域名注册成功怎么做网站,洛阳新光建站,网站版式分类,ui设计的就业前景和薪资待遇前言
随着云计算和容器化技术的快速发展#xff0c;使用 Docker Compose 编排 LNMP 环境已经成为快速部署 Web 应用程序的一种流行方式。LNMP 环境由 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 组成#xff0c;为运行 Web 应用提供了稳定的基础。本文将介绍如何通过 Docker Compose 编排 …前言
随着云计算和容器化技术的快速发展使用 Docker Compose 编排 LNMP 环境已经成为快速部署 Web 应用程序的一种流行方式。LNMP 环境由 Linux、Nginx、MySQL 和 PHP 组成为运行 Web 应用提供了稳定的基础。本文将介绍如何通过 Docker Compose 编排 LNMP 环境并利用该环境顺利完成 WordPress 的部署和配置。
编写 Dockerfile 部署 LNMP 请参考Docker构建LNMP部署WordPress-CSDN博客
目录
一、docker-compose 编排 lnmp
1. 环境准备
2. 准备 mysql 容器目录及相关文件
2.1 进入工作目录
2.2 编写 Dockerfile 文件
2.3 准备 my.cnf 文件
3. 准备 php 容器目录及相关文件
3.1 进入工作目录
3.2 编写 Dockerfile 文件
3.3 准备 php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf 配置文件
3.3.1 php.ini
3.3.2 php-fpm.conf
3.3.3 www.conf
4. 编辑 docker-compose.yml 文件
5. 下载 Docker Compose 并安装
6. 查看工作目录清理历史数据
7. 启动服务
8. 进入容器登录 mysql 授权
9. 创建一个新的配置文件 wp-config.php
10. 浏览器访问 wordpress
二、错误总结
1. php 无法获取指定镜像
2. 建议保证 nginx、mysql 服务优先启动于 php
3. 访问 wordpress/index.php 提示 File not found.
4. yum 安装依赖包失败
5. 其他建议 一、docker-compose 编排 lnmp
1. 环境准备
容器名宿主机系统/配置IP地址Docker版本基于镜像安装软件nginxCentos 7.48C/8G172.19.8.1020.10.17centos:7Docker-NginxDocker-WordpressmysqlCentos 7.48C/8G172.19.8.2020.10.17centos:7Docker-MysqlphpCentos 7.48C/8G172.19.8.3020.10.17centos:7Docker-php
nginx 容器构建请参考Docker部署nginx并启用https加密连接-CSDN博客
2. 准备 mysql 容器目录及相关文件
2.1 进入工作目录
[rootlocalhost ~]# cd /lnmp/
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# mkdir mysql
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# cd mysql/
[rootlocalhost mysql]# ls
mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz # 准备安装包
2.2 编写 Dockerfile 文件
[rootlocalhost mysql]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER mysql image fql
RUN yum -y install gcc gcc-c ncurses ncurses-devel bison cmake make
ADD mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz /usr/local/src/ # 将MySQL源代码包解压缩到镜像/usr/local/src/目录下
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/mysql-5.7.20/ # 设置工作目录为MySQL源代码包的目录
RUN cmake \
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX/usr/local/mysql \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
-DSYSCONFDIR/etc \
-DSYSTEMD_PID_DIR/usr/local/mysql \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSETutf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATIONutf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE1 \
-DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE1 \
-DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE1 \
-DWITH_PERFSCHEMA_STORAGE_ENGINE1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR/usr/local/mysql/data \
-DWITH_BOOSTboost \
-DWITH_SYSTEMD1 make -j 8 make install
ADD my.cnf /etc/
ENV PATH/usr/local/mysql/bin:/usr/local/mysql/lib:$PATH # 将MySQL的可执行文件路径添加到环境变量中
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin mysql
RUN chown mysql:mysql /etc/my.cnf
RUN chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql/
RUN /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld \ # 运行MySQL的初始化命令初始化MySQL数据库
--initialize-insecure \
--usermysql \
--basedir/usr/local/mysql \
--datadir/usr/local/mysql/data
EXPOSE 3306
CMD [/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld] # 启动MySQL数据库服务
2.3 准备 my.cnf 文件
[rootlocalhost mysql]# cat my.cnf
[client]
port 3306
socket/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock[mysql]
port 3306
socket /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
auto-rehash[mysqld]
user mysql
basedir/usr/local/mysql
datadir/usr/local/mysql/data
port 3306
character-set-serverutf8
pid-file /usr/local/mysql/mysqld.pid
socket/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
bind-address 0.0.0.0
skip-name-resolve
max_connections2048
default-storage-engineINNODB
max_allowed_packet16M
server-id 1sql_modeNO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_AUTO_CREATE_USER,NO_AUTO_VALUE_ON_ZERO,NO_ZERO_IN_DATE,NO_ZERO_DATE,ERROR_FOR_DIVISION_BY_ZERO,PIPES_AS_CONCAT,ANSI_QUOTES
3. 准备 php 容器目录及相关文件
3.1 进入工作目录
[rootlocalhost mysql]# cd ..
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# mkdir php
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# cd php/
[rootlocalhost php]# ls
php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 # 准备安装包
3.2 编写 Dockerfile 文件
[rootlocalhost php]# vim Dockerfile
FROM centos:7
MAINTAINER php image fql
RUN yum -y install gd \ # 安装一系列依赖包
libjpeg libjpeg-devel \
libpng libpng-devel \
freetype freetype-devel \
libxml2 libxml2-devel \
zlib zlib-devel \
curl curl-devel \
openssl openssl-devel \
gcc gcc-c make pcre-devel
RUN useradd -M -s /sbin/nologin nginx
ADD php-7.1.10.tar.bz2 /usr/local/src/ # 将php文件解压并复制到/usr/local/src/目录下
WORKDIR /usr/local/src/php-7.1.10 # 设置工作目录
RUN ./configure \ # 配置PHP编译选项
--prefix/usr/local/php \
--with-mysql-sock/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \
--with-mysqli \
--with-zlib \
--with-curl \
--with-gd \
--with-jpeg-dir \
--with-png-dir \
--with-freetype-dir \
--with-openssl \
--enable-fpm \
--enable-mbstring \
--enable-xml \
--enable-session \
--enable-ftp \
--enable-pdo \
--enable-tokenizer \
--enable-zip make -j 8 make install
ENV PATH /usr/local/php/bin:/usr/local/php/sbin:$PATH # 将PHP可执行文件路径添加到系统PATH中
ADD php.ini /usr/local/php/lib/
ADD php-fpm.conf /usr/local/php/etc/
ADD www.conf /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/
EXPOSE 9000 # 暴露容器的9000端口用于PHP-FPM服务
ENTRYPOINT [ /usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm, -F ] # 启动PHP-FPM服务并以守护进程方式运行
3.3 准备 php.ini、php-fpm.conf、www.conf 配置文件
3.3.1 php.ini
[rootlocalhost php]# vim php.ini939 date.timezone Asia/Shanghai # 取消注释修改
1170 mysqli.default_socket /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
# MySQL数据库的默认socket文件路径用于PHP连接MySQL数据库时寻找MySQL服务器的通信端口
[rootlocalhost php]# egrep -v ^; php.ini | egrep -v ^$
# 显示php.ini文件中的非注释和非空行内容即显示出配置文件中的有效配置项
[PHP]
engine On
short_open_tag Off
precision 14
output_buffering 4096
zlib.output_compression Off
implicit_flush Off
unserialize_callback_func
serialize_precision -1
disable_functions
disable_classes
zend.enable_gc On
expose_php On
max_execution_time 30
max_input_time 60
memory_limit 128M
error_reporting E_ALL
display_errors On
display_startup_errors On
log_errors On
log_errors_max_len 1024
ignore_repeated_errors Off
ignore_repeated_source Off
report_memleaks On
track_errors On
html_errors On
variables_order GPCS
request_order GP
register_argc_argv Off
auto_globals_jit On
post_max_size 8M
auto_prepend_file
auto_append_file
default_mimetype text/html
default_charset UTF-8
doc_root
user_dir
enable_dl Off
file_uploads On
upload_max_filesize 2M
max_file_uploads 20
allow_url_fopen On
allow_url_include Off
default_socket_timeout 60
[CLI Server]
cli_server.color On
[Date]
date.timezone Asia/Shanghai
[filter]
[iconv]
[intl]
[sqlite3]
[Pcre]
[Pdo]
[Pdo_mysql]
pdo_mysql.cache_size 2000
pdo_mysql.default_socket
[Phar]
[mail function]
SMTP localhost
smtp_port 25
mail.add_x_header On
[SQL]
sql.safe_mode Off
[ODBC]
odbc.allow_persistent On
odbc.check_persistent On
odbc.max_persistent -1
odbc.max_links -1
odbc.defaultlrl 4096
odbc.defaultbinmode 1
[Interbase]
ibase.allow_persistent 1
ibase.max_persistent -1
ibase.max_links -1
ibase.timestampformat %Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S
ibase.dateformat %Y-%m-%d
ibase.timeformat %H:%M:%S
[MySQLi]
mysqli.max_persistent -1
mysqli.allow_persistent On
mysqli.max_links -1
mysqli.cache_size 2000
mysqli.default_port 3306
mysqli.default_socket /usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock
mysqli.default_host
mysqli.default_user
mysqli.default_pw
mysqli.reconnect Off
[mysqlnd]
mysqlnd.collect_statistics On
mysqlnd.collect_memory_statistics On
[OCI8]
[PostgreSQL]
pgsql.allow_persistent On
pgsql.auto_reset_persistent Off
pgsql.max_persistent -1
pgsql.max_links -1
pgsql.ignore_notice 0
pgsql.log_notice 0
[bcmath]
bcmath.scale 0
[browscap]
[Session]
session.save_handler files
session.use_strict_mode 0
session.use_cookies 1
session.use_only_cookies 1
session.name PHPSESSID
session.auto_start 0
session.cookie_lifetime 0
session.cookie_path /
session.cookie_domain
session.cookie_httponly
session.serialize_handler php
session.gc_probability 1
session.gc_divisor 1000
session.gc_maxlifetime 1440
session.referer_check
session.cache_limiter nocache
session.cache_expire 180
session.use_trans_sid 0
session.sid_length 26
session.trans_sid_tags ahref,areahref,framesrc,form
session.sid_bits_per_character 5
[Assertion]
zend.assertions 1
[COM]
[mbstring]
[gd]
[exif]
[Tidy]
tidy.clean_output Off
[soap]
soap.wsdl_cache_enabled1
soap.wsdl_cache_dir/tmp
soap.wsdl_cache_ttl86400
soap.wsdl_cache_limit 5
[sysvshm]
[ldap]
ldap.max_links -1
[mcrypt]
[dba]
[opcache]
[curl]
[openssl]
3.3.2 php-fpm.conf
[rootlocalhost php]# vim php-fpm.conf17 pid run/php-fpm.pid # 删除注释符号“;”
[rootlocalhost php]# egrep -v ^; php-fpm.conf | egrep -v ^$
[global]
pid run/php-fpm.pid
include/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.d/*.conf
3.3.3 www.conf
[rootlocalhost php]# vim www.conf23 user nginx24 group nginx36 listen 172.19.0.30:9000 # 修改监听IP和端口为容器IP:9000端口
[rootlocalhost php]# egrep -v ^; www.conf | egrep -v ^$
[www]
user nginx
group nginx
listen 172.19.0.30:9000
listen.allowed_clients 127.0.0.1,172.19.0.10
pm dynamic
pm.max_children 5
pm.start_servers 2
pm.min_spare_servers 1
pm.max_spare_servers 3
4. 编辑 docker-compose.yml 文件
[rootlocalhost php]# cd ..
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# ls
mysql nginx php
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# vim docker-compose.yml
version: 2
services:nginx:container_name: nginx01 # 指定容器的名称为nginx01hostname: nginx-host # 容器的主机名为nginx-hostimage: nginx:lnmp # 使用的镜像为nginx:lnmpbuild: # 构建上下文和Dockerfile的位置context: ./nginxdockerfile: Dockerfileports: # 将宿主机的80端口映射到容器的80端口将宿主机的443端口映射到容器的443端口- 80:80- 443:443volumes: # 将/usr/local/nginx/html目录设为共享挂载点- /usr/local/nginx/htmlnetworks: # 将该服务连接到名为lnmp的网络并指定了容器的IPv4地址lnmp:ipv4_address: 172.19.0.10mysql: container_name: mysql01 # 容器的名称为mysql01hostname: mysql-host # 容器的主机名为mysql-hostimage: mysql:lnmp # 使用的镜像为mysql:lnmpprivileged: true # 使容器内的root拥有真正的root权限build: # 构建上下文和Dockerfile的位置context: ./mysql dockerfile: Dockerfileports: # 将宿主机的3306端口映射到容器的3306端口- 3306:3306volumes: # 创建容器共享挂载目录/usr/local/mysql - /usr/local/mysqlnetworks:lnmp:ipv4_address: 172.19.0.20php:container_name: php # 容器的名称为phphostname: php-host # 容器的主机名为php-hostimage: php:lnmp # 使用的镜像为php:lnmpbuild: # 指定了构建上下文和Dockerfile的位置context: ./phpdockerfile: Dockerfileports: # 将宿主机的9000端口映射到容器的9000端口- 9000:9000depends_on: # 声明了该服务依赖于nginx和mysql服务- nginx- mysqlvolumes_from: # 从nginx和mysql服务中挂载卷- nginx- mysqlnetworks:lnmp:ipv4_address: 172.19.0.30
networks: # 定义了一个叫做lnmp的网络使用了bridge驱动lnmp:driver: bridgeipam:config: # 指定了IP地址池的子网范围- subnet: 172.19.0.0/16
5. 下载 Docker Compose 并安装
[rootlocalhost ~]# curl -L https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.21.1/docker-compose-uname -s-uname -m -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
# uname -s-uname -m也可以写成$(uname -s) 和 $(uname -m)分别会自动替换为你的系统类型如Linux和机器架构如x86_64确保你下载的是适合你系统的版本。
# curl -L:这部分表示使用curl命令进行下载并且使用-L参数来跟随重定向
# -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose: 表示将下载的文件保存为/usr/local/bin目录下的docker-compose文件
[rootlocalhost bin]# pwd
/usr/local/bin
[rootlocalhost bin]# ls
docker-compose
[rootlocalhost bin]# chmod x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose
[rootlocalhost bin]# ll
总用量 10616
-rwxr-xr-x. 1 root root 10867152 5月 3 16:34 docker-compose
[rootlocalhost bin]# docker-compose --version # 查看版本
docker-compose version 1.21.1, build 5a3f1a3
6. 查看工作目录清理历史数据
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# tree -L 3
.
├── docker-compose.yml
├── mysql
│ ├── Dockerfile
│ ├── my.cnf
│ └── mysql-boost-5.7.20.tar.gz
├── nginx
│ ├── cert
│ │ ├── ca-key.pem
│ │ ├── ca.pem
│ │ ├── ca.srl
│ │ ├── server-cert.pem
│ │ ├── server.csr
│ │ └── server-key.pem
│ ├── Dockerfile
│ ├── html
│ │ ├── index.html
│ │ └── wordpress
│ ├── nginx-1.24.0.tar.gz
│ ├── nginx.conf
│ └── wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
└── php├── Dockerfile├── php-7.1.10.tar.bz2├── php-fpm.conf├── php.ini└── www.conf
# 删除原镜像、容器、网络、数据卷docker-compose -f docker-compose-yml down
建议单独删别把有用的文件一块删了
[rootlocalhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
nginx centos a5f6eea7f002 6 hours ago 623MB
nginx latest 7383c266ef25 9 days ago 188MB
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB
[rootlocalhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
dca9b540b422 nginx:centos /usr/local/nginx/sb… 6 hours ago Up 6 hours 0.0.0.0:80-80/tcp, :::80-80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443-443/tcp, :::443-443/tcp n1
[rootlocalhost ~]# docker rm -f dca9b540b422
dca9b540b422
[rootlocalhost ~]# docker rmi -f a5f6eea7f002
[rootlocalhost ~]# iptables -F
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl restart docker
[rootlocalhost ~]# systemctl restart network
7. 启动服务
[rootlocalhost ~]# cd /lnmp/
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# ls
docker-compose.yml mysql nginx php
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# docker-compose -f docker-compose.yml up -d
Creating mysql01 ... done
Creating nginx01 ... done
Creating php ... done
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
php lnmp 2c776b3060db About a minute ago 1.41GB
mysql lnmp 291e964e74d3 8 minutes ago 10.1GB
nginx lnmp dc1695c1c244 26 minutes ago 651MB
nginx latest 7383c266ef25 9 days ago 188MB
centos 7 eeb6ee3f44bd 2 years ago 204MB
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
2e2c69e85e86 php:lnmp /usr/local/php/sbin… 15 seconds ago Up 14 seconds 0.0.0.0:9000-9000/tcp, :::9000-9000/tcp php
bd45ba2ccaeb mysql:lnmp /usr/local/mysql/bi… 23 seconds ago Up 15 seconds 0.0.0.0:3306-3306/tcp, :::3306-3306/tcp mysql01
6dc9248104d1 nginx:lnmp /usr/local/nginx/sb… 23 seconds ago Up 15 seconds 0.0.0.0:80-80/tcp, :::80-80/tcp, 0.0.0.0:443-443/tcp, :::443-443/tcp nginx01
8. 进入容器登录 mysql 授权
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# docker exec -it mysql01 /bin/bash
[rootmysql-host mysql-5.7.20]# mysql
mysql create database wordpress;
mysql grant all privileges on wordpress.* to wordpress% identified by 123456;
mysql grant all privileges on *.* to root% identified by abc123;
mysql flush privileges;
mysql exit
Bye
[rootmysql-host mysql-5.7.20]# exit
9. 创建一个新的配置文件 wp-config.php
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# cd /lnmp/nginx/html/wordpress
[rootlocalhost wordpress]# ls
index.php wp-admin wp-content wp-load.php wp-signup.php
license.txt wp-blog-header.php wp-cron.php wp-login.php wp-trackback.php
readme.html wp-comments-post.php wp-includes wp-mail.php xmlrpc.php
wp-activate.php wp-config-sample.php wp-links-opml.php wp-settings.php
[rootlocalhost wordpress]# cp wp-config-sample.php wp-config.php
[rootlocalhost wordpress]# vim wp-config.php
/** WordPress数据库的名称 */
define(DB_NAME, wordpress);
/** MySQL数据库用户名 */
define(DB_USER, wordpress);
/** MySQL数据库密码 */
define(DB_PASSWORD, 123456);
# 修改WordPress数据库信息
10. 浏览器访问 wordpress 访问http://192.168.190.108/wordpress/index.php 二、错误总结
1. php 无法获取指定镜像
WARNING: Image for service mysql was built because it did not already exist. To rebuild this image you must use docker-compose build or docker-compose up --build.
Pulling php (php:lnmp)...
ERROR: manifest for php:lnmp not found: manifest unknown: manifest unknown
[rootlocalhost lnmp]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
排错检查docker-compose.yml文件 build: # 指定了构建上下文和Dockerfile的位置context: ./phpdockerfile: Dockerfile
原因是缺少build
2. 建议保证 nginx、mysql 服务优先启动于 php depends_on: # 声明了该服务依赖于nginx和mysql服务- nginx- mysql
3. 访问 wordpress/index.php 提示 File not found.
① 查看 Dockerfile 指定映射路径是否正确一开始路径写成yum安装的share了
② 查看 Dockerfile 指定映射路径权限问题777没毛病
③ 另外最坑的
ADD html/ /usr/local/nginx/html/
居然不能把本地的 html/里面内容 拷贝到容器/usr/local/nginx/html/COPY html/ /usr/local/nginx/html/
尝试了修改为COPY或者尝试直接ADD解压压缩包到容器或者尝试在compose里面加valuesvolumes: # 将本地目录./lnmp/nginx/html/挂载到容器内的/usr/local/nginx/html目录- ./lnmp/nginx/html/:/usr/local/nginx/html
最后发现Dockerfile与composed定义的有冲突修改为- /usr/local/nginx/html
4. yum 安装依赖包失败
Could not retrieve mirrorlist http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release7archx86_64repoosinfracontainer error was
14: curl#6 - Could not resolve host: mirrorlist.centos.org; Unknown erroryum-config-manager --add-repo https://mirrors.aliyun.com/docker-ce/linux/centos/docker-ce.repo
yum makecache
# 如果遇到类似dns问题可修改dns、替换阿里源尝试解决
vim /etc/sysctl.conf
net.ipv4.ip_forward1sysctl -p
systemctl restart network
systemctl restart docker
5. 其他建议
建议多核编译提高效率出现故障可分开排查比如nginx有问题可以删掉compose其他容器服务配置单独检查避免多次编译
